Explanation: The Digboi Refinery, located in the northeastern state of Assam, India, holds a significant place in the history of the Indian oil industry. It was established by the Assam Oil Company Ltd. in 1901, making it one of the oldest oil refineries in Asia. The establishment of the Digboi Refinery was a crucial step in the development of the oil industry in India, particularly in the region of Assam, which is known for its rich oil reserves.
The Assam Oil Company Ltd. was founded in 1899, and it was the first company to extract oil commercially in India. The company's efforts led to the discovery of oil in the Digboi area, which prompted the construction of the refinery. The refinery's establishment in 1901 marked the beginning of a new era in the region's economic development, as it provided a means to process and refine the crude oil extracted from the local oil fields.
The Digboi Refinery played a vital role in the early 20th century by supplying kerosene and other petroleum products to the growing Indian market. It also contributed to the technological advancements in the oil industry, as it was one of the first refineries to use modern refining techniques and equipment. Over the years, the refinery has undergone several upgrades and expansions to meet the increasing demand for petroleum products.
Understanding the historical context of the Digboi Refinery is essential for comprehending the development of the oil industry in India. The year 1901 is a significant milestone in this history, marking the establishment of a facility that has been operational for over a century and continues to play a role in the region's economy and energy sector.
In summary, the correct answer is 1901, as this is the year when the Digboi Refinery was established by the Assam Oil Company Ltd. This date is crucial for understanding the historical and industrial development of the region and the broader context of the Indian oil industry.