Explanations:The Himalayas, the world's highest mountain range, are divided into three main parallel ranges: the Outer Himalayas, the Middle Himalayas, and the Inner Himalayas. Each of these ranges has distinct characteristics and geographical features.
The Outer Himalayas, also known as the Shivalik, are the southernmost and outermost range of the Himalayas. The term "Shivalik" is derived from the Sanskrit words "Shiva" and "likha," meaning "written by Shiva." This range is characterized by relatively low hills and is composed of unconsolidated gravel and alluvium. The Shivalik range extends from the Indus River in the west to the Brahmaputra River in the east, forming a continuous belt along the southern edge of the Himalayas.
The Middle Himalayas, also known as the Lesser Himalayas, lie between the Outer and Inner Himalayas. This range includes several well-known mountain ranges such as the Pir Panjal, Dhauladhar, and Mahabharat ranges. The Middle Himalayas are characterized by higher elevations and more rugged terrain compared to the Shivalik range.
The Inner Himalayas, also known as the Great Himalayas or the High Himalayas, are the northernmost and highest range of the Himalayas. This range includes the world's highest peaks, such as Mount Everest, K2, and Kangchenjunga. The Inner Himalayas are composed of hard rock formations and are characterized by steep slopes and deep valleys.
Understanding the geographical classification of the Himalayas is essential for comprehending the diverse topography and geological features of this region. The Shivalik range, being the Outer Himalayas, plays a crucial role in the overall structure and formation of the Himalayan mountain system.