Explanation: The migration of Adivasis from Jharkhand and adjoining areas to various parts of the world is a significant aspect of the global labor movement during the colonial era. This movement was driven by the demand for labor in different colonies and territories, particularly in the sugar cane plantations of Mauritius and the Caribbean, as well as in the agricultural and mining industries of Australia.
During the colonial period, the British Empire sought to expand its economic interests by establishing plantations and industries in various colonies. To meet the labor demands in these colonies, the British government and plantation owners recruited workers from India, including Adivasis from Jharkhand and adjoining areas. These workers were often lured by the promise of better economic opportunities and higher wages compared to their home regions.
In Mauritius, Adivasis were primarily employed in the sugar cane plantations. The island's economy was heavily dependent on sugar production, and the labor force was crucial for maintaining the productivity of these plantations. Similarly, in the Caribbean, particularly in Trinidad and Tobago, Adivasis were part of the labor force that worked in the sugar cane fields, contributing to the region's agricultural economy.
In Australia, Adivasis were employed in various industries, including agriculture and mining. The Australian economy was rapidly expanding during this period, and there was a significant demand for labor to support this growth. Adivasis from Jharkhand and adjoining areas were among the many workers who migrated to Australia to meet this demand.
The migration of Adivasis to these regions was not only a result of economic opportunities but also a reflection of the broader global labor movement during the colonial era. This movement involved the relocation of millions of workers from India to various colonies and territories, contributing to the economic development of these regions while also shaping the demographic and cultural landscape of the receiving areas.
Understanding the historical context of this migration is crucial for comprehending the global labor movement and its impact on the economic and social development of different regions. It also highlights the role of Adivasis from Jharkhand and adjoining areas in this significant historical process, emphasizing their contribution to the global labor force and the economic development of various colonies and territories.
Therefore, the correct answer is (D) All of these, as Adivasis from Jharkhand and adjoining areas migrated to Mauritius, the Caribbean, and Australia, reflecting the global reach of this labor movement.