Explanation: Dharavi, located in Mumbai, India, is one of the largest slums in Asia, known for its high population density and the challenges it faces in providing basic amenities, particularly sanitation facilities. The population density in Dharavi is extremely high, with an estimated population of over one million people living in an area of about 2.1 square kilometers. This high population density exacerbates the already existing issues of inadequate sanitation infrastructure.
The lack of proper sanitation facilities in Dharavi is a significant public health concern. The ratio of 500 people per public toilet is a stark indicator of the severe shortage of sanitation facilities in the area. This ratio is much higher than what is considered acceptable in urban planning and public health standards, which typically recommend a much lower ratio to ensure adequate access to sanitation facilities for all residents.
The high ratio of 500 people per public toilet in Dharavi is a result of several factors:
1. **Population Density**: Dharavi is one of the most densely populated areas in the world, with a population density that far exceeds the average for urban areas in India.
2. **Lack of Infrastructure**: The area has historically lacked proper urban planning and infrastructure development, leading to a severe shortage of public toilets.
3. **Economic Constraints**: The residents of Dharavi are predominantly low-income, and the government has struggled to allocate sufficient resources to improve sanitation infrastructure in the area.
Understanding the ratio of 500 people per public toilet in Dharavi is crucial for comprehending the challenges faced by urban planners and public health officials in addressing the sanitation needs of densely populated slums. This ratio highlights the need for significant investment in sanitation infrastructure and the importance of urban planning that takes into account the unique challenges of densely populated areas.
In conclusion, the correct answer is (C) 500, reflecting the severe shortage of sanitation facilities in Dharavi and the significant challenges faced in providing adequate sanitation infrastructure in densely populated slums.