Explanation: Sarojini Naidu, born in 1879 in Hyderabad, was a multifaceted personality who excelled as both a poet and a political activist. She was a key figure in the Indian National Movement and played a significant role in the struggle for India's independence from British rule. Naidu's literary talents were recognized early in her life, and she was known for her poetic works that often reflected themes of patriotism, love, and social justice. Her poetry was characterized by its lyrical quality and the use of traditional Indian imagery, which earned her the nickname "Nightingale of India."
Naidu's political career began in the early 20th century when she joined the Indian National Congress and became involved in the Indian independence movement. She worked closely with other prominent leaders such as Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, and Muhammad Ali Jinnah. Naidu was a strong advocate for women's rights and played a crucial role in mobilizing women to participate in the freedom struggle. She was one of the first women to hold a high-ranking position in the Indian National Congress and was instrumental in organizing the women's wing of the party.
During the Non-Cooperation Movement of 1920-1922, Naidu was arrested and imprisoned for her participation in the civil disobedience movement. She continued to be an active participant in the freedom struggle until India achieved independence in 1947. After independence, Naidu was appointed as the Governor of the United Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh), making her the first woman to hold a governorship in independent India.
Sarojini Naidu's contributions to both literature and politics have left a lasting legacy in Indian history. Her poetry and her role in the freedom struggle continue to be celebrated and studied in India and around the world. Her life and work serve as an inspiration to many, highlighting the importance of combining artistic expression with political activism to bring about social change.
In summary, Sarojini Naidu is the correct answer because she was a renowned poet and freedom fighter who earned the nickname "Nightingale of India" due to her poetic talents and her significant contributions to the Indian National Movement. The other options, while notable figures in their own right, do not fit the specific criteria of being known as the "Nightingale of India" and having a reputation as a poet.