Explanation: Mumbai's spatial growth is a significant aspect of its urban development, reflecting the city's expansion over time. The data provided indicates that Mumbai has grown from an initial area of 68 km² to a much larger metropolitan district of 603 km², including suburban areas like Navi Mumbai. This growth is a result of several factors, including urbanization, population increase, and economic development.
Urbanization is a process where rural areas transform into urban areas, often due to the concentration of people and economic activities. In Mumbai's case, this has led to the expansion of the city's boundaries, incorporating previously rural or less developed areas into the urban fabric. The growth from 68 km² to 370 km² for the suburban areas and then to 603 km² for the metropolitan district demonstrates the city's outward expansion.
The inclusion of Navi Mumbai in the metropolitan district is a prime example of this spatial growth. Navi Mumbai, which means "New Mumbai," was developed as a planned city to decongest the original city of Mumbai. It has become an integral part of the metropolitan area, contributing to the overall spatial expansion of the region.
Understanding Mumbai's spatial growth is crucial for urban planners, policymakers, and researchers. It helps in assessing the impact of urbanization on the environment, infrastructure, and quality of life. The data provided in the question highlights the importance of considering spatial growth when studying urban development, as it encompasses not just the core city but also the surrounding areas that have become part of the larger urban ecosystem.
In summary, the correct answer is Option B, as it directly addresses the spatial growth of Mumbai, which is the focus of the provided data. This concept is essential for understanding the dynamics of urban development and the challenges associated with managing a growing metropolitan area.