Explanation: To understand the population dynamics of Mumbai, it is essential to consider both migration and natural increase. Migration refers to the movement of people from one place to another, often driven by economic opportunities, better living conditions, and access to services. In the context of Mumbai, a significant portion of the city's population growth is attributed to the influx of young migrants in their 20s and 30s who come to the city in search of work.
Once these young migrants settle in Mumbai, they often marry and start families. This process of family formation leads to an increase in the number of births, which contributes to the natural increase in the city's population. Natural increase is the difference between the number of births and deaths in a given population over a specific period. In Mumbai, the high birth rate among the settled migrants results in a significant natural increase, which is a key driver of the city's population growth.
It is important to note that while migration and natural increase are both crucial factors in Mumbai's population growth, they operate through different mechanisms. Migration brings new individuals into the city, while natural increase occurs through the birth of children to the existing population. The statement provided in the question highlights the role of natural increase in Mumbai's population growth by describing the life cycle of migrants who settle, marry, and start families.
Understanding these dynamics is essential for policymakers and urban planners in Mumbai, as it helps them anticipate future population trends and plan for the necessary infrastructure and services to support the growing population. Additionally, this knowledge can inform strategies to manage urbanization and ensure sustainable development in the city.
In summary, the correct answer is (C) because the statement directly addresses how natural increase, through the process of young migrants settling, marrying, and starting families, contributes to the population growth of Mumbai. This explanation aligns with the demographic patterns observed in the city and provides insight into the mechanisms driving its population dynamics.