Explanation: Meghalaya is one of the northeastern states of India, located in the eastern Himalayan region. It is known for its lush green landscapes, rich biodiversity, and unique cultural heritage. The state is bordered by Assam to the north and west, and Bangladesh to the south and southwest. Meghalaya is divided into three districts: East Khasi Hills, West Garo Hills, and South Garo Hills.
The capital of Meghalaya is Shillong, which is also the largest city in the state. Shillong is situated at an elevation of about 1,500 meters above sea level and is known for its cool climate and scenic beauty. The city is often referred to as the "Scotland of the East" due to its hilly terrain and climate, which are reminiscent of the Scottish Highlands. Shillong is an important administrative, commercial, and educational center in the northeastern region of India. It is home to several educational institutions, including the North-Eastern Hill University, which is one of the premier universities in the region.
The other options provided in the question are the capitals of other northeastern states of India. Aizawl is the capital of Mizoram, Kohima is the capital of Nagaland, and Agartala is the capital of Tripura. These states, like Meghalaya, are part of the northeastern region of India and share some cultural and geographical similarities. However, each state has its own unique capital city, and it is important to distinguish between them when studying the geography and administration of northeastern India.
In summary, Shillong is the capital of Meghalaya, and it is an important city in the northeastern region of India due to its administrative, commercial, and educational significance. Understanding the capitals of different states in northeastern India is crucial for students studying the geography and administration of this region.