Explanations:The question asks for the identification of a dam constructed on the Mahanadi River in the state of Odisha, India. The correct answer is the Hirakud Dam. The Mahanadi River is one of the major rivers in eastern India, originating in the Eastern Ghats in the state of Chhattisgarh and flowing through Odisha before emptying into the Bay of Bengal.
The Hirakud Dam is a significant multipurpose dam located on the Mahanadi River. It is situated in the Sambalpur district of Odisha and is one of the longest dams in the world. The dam was constructed primarily for flood control, irrigation, and power generation. It was completed in 1957 and has played a crucial role in the economic development of the region by providing water for irrigation and generating hydroelectric power.
Understanding the geographical context of dams in India is essential for competitive examinations, particularly those related to geography and general knowledge. Each major dam in India is associated with a specific river and serves particular purposes. For instance, the Nagarjuna Sagar Dam is located on the Krishna River in Andhra Pradesh, the Bhakra Nangal Dam is on the Sutlej River in Punjab, and the Tehri Dam is on the Bhagirathi River in Uttarakhand. These dams are significant for their respective regions and serve various purposes such as irrigation, flood control, and power generation.
It is important to note that the Hirakud Dam is unique in its location and function. It is not only the longest dam in India but also one of the longest in the world. The dam has a length of about 25.8 kilometers and is a critical component of the Mahanadi River system. The reservoir created by the dam, known as the Hirakud Reservoir, is one of the largest artificial lakes in the world and plays a vital role in the water management of the region.
In summary, the Hirakud Dam is the correct answer as it is the dam constructed on the Mahanadi River in Odisha. This dam is a significant engineering feat and serves multiple purposes, making it an important landmark in the geography and development of the region.