Explanation: Uttarakhand, known as the "Land of the Gods," was established as a separate state on November 9, 2000. This event marked a significant milestone in the political geography of India, as it became the 27th state of the Indian Union. The formation of Uttarakhand was a result of a long-standing demand for statehood from the hill regions of Uttar Pradesh, which were geographically and culturally distinct from the plains of Uttar Pradesh.
The movement for a separate state began in the 1950s, with the demand for a "Kumaon Pradesh" and "Garhwal Pradesh." Over the years, the movement gained momentum, and in 1998, the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly passed a resolution in favor of the creation of a new state. The resolution was then forwarded to the central government, which, after due consideration, recommended the formation of Uttarakhand.
The process of state formation involved several steps, including the passage of the Uttar Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2000, by the Indian Parliament. This act provided for the creation of the new state of Uttarakhand, comprising the districts of the Garhwal and Kumaon divisions of Uttar Pradesh. The new state was officially inaugurated on November 9, 2000, with Dehradun as its provisional capital.
The formation of Uttarakhand was a significant event in the political history of India, as it addressed the long-standing demands of the hill regions for greater autonomy and development. The state's creation also had implications for the administrative and economic development of the region, as it allowed for more focused governance and resource allocation.
Understanding the historical context and the process of state formation is crucial for comprehending the political and social dynamics of Uttarakhand. It is also important for students preparing for competitive examinations, as questions related to the formation of states in India are frequently asked in various exams such as the UPSC, SSC, and state PSCs.
In summary, the correct year for the establishment of Uttarakhand as a separate state is 2000, marking a significant event in the political geography and history of India.