Explanations:Sikkim's journey to becoming the 22nd state of India is a significant event in the history of the Indian subcontinent. Prior to 1975, Sikkim was a protectorate of India, which meant that while it had its own government, India was responsible for its defense, foreign affairs, and communications. This status was established in 1950 when the Chogyal (ruler) of Sikkim signed an agreement with India, which gave India control over these areas.
The transition to statehood began in the early 1970s when the political situation in Sikkim became unstable. The Kazi (prime minister) of Sikkim, Lhendup Dorji, was dismissed by the Chogyal, Palden Thondup Namgyal, leading to widespread protests and demands for democratic reforms. The Indian government, under Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, supported the democratic movement in Sikkim.
In 1974, a referendum was held in Sikkim to determine the will of the people regarding the state's future. The referendum resulted in a majority vote in favor of Sikkim becoming a part of India. Following this, the Indian Parliament passed the 35th Amendment to the Constitution of India, which incorporated Sikkim into the Indian Union as its 22nd state. On May 16, 1975, Sikkim officially became a state of India, with the Chogyal being stripped of his powers and the state adopting a democratic form of government.
The integration of Sikkim into India was a significant step in the consolidation of India's borders and the expansion of its territory. It also marked the end of the Chogyal system, which had been in place for centuries, and the beginning of a new era of democratic governance in Sikkim. The event is remembered as a milestone in the history of both Sikkim and India, symbolizing the completion of the process of integrating all princely states and protectorates into the Indian Union.