Explanations:The Dual System of Government was a significant administrative arrangement introduced by the British East India Company in India. This system was established in Bengal in 1765, following the Battle of Buxar, where the British East India Company defeated the combined forces of the Nawab of Bengal, the Mughal Emperor, and the Nawab of Awadh. As a result of this victory, the British East India Company was granted the right to collect revenue from the territories of Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa, while the Mughal Emperor continued to hold nominal sovereignty over these regions.
The Dual System of Government was a transitional phase in the British administration of India. It allowed the British to gain control over the revenue collection process, which was a crucial aspect of governance and economic power. The system was characterized by a dual structure where the British East India Company's officials, known as Diwans, were responsible for revenue collection, while the Mughal Emperor's representatives, known as Nizamat, were responsible for maintaining law and order and other administrative functions.
The introduction of the Dual System marked the beginning of direct British administrative control in India. It was a strategic move by the British East India Company to consolidate its power and influence in the region. The system was not uniformly implemented across all British territories in India; it was specifically introduced in Bengal, which was a key region due to its economic importance and strategic location.
Understanding the historical context of the Dual System of Government is essential for comprehending the evolution of British colonial administration in India. It highlights the gradual shift from the Company's initial role as a trading entity to its transformation into a powerful administrative and military force. The Dual System was a precursor to the more direct form of British rule that followed, known as the Permanent Settlement, which was introduced in 1793.
It is important to note that the Dual System was not implemented in other regions such as Madras, Bombay, or Pondicherry. Madras and Bombay were other important regions under British control, but they did not experience the Dual System of Government. Pondicherry, on the other hand, was a French colony and was not part of the British administrative system.
In summary, the Dual System of Government was a significant administrative arrangement introduced by the British East India Company in Bengal in 1765. It marked the beginning of direct British control over revenue collection and was a crucial step in the consolidation of British power in India.