Explanations:Iltutmish, whose full name was Shams-ud-din Iltutmish, was a significant figure in the history of the Delhi Sultanate. He was the third ruler of the Mamluk dynasty and the second Sultan of Delhi, reigning from 1211 to 1236 CE. His rule was marked by several important achievements and reforms that helped to consolidate the Delhi Sultanate and establish it as a powerful entity in the region.
One of the key aspects of Iltutmish's reign was the establishment of the Iqta system, which was a form of land grant that allowed military commanders to collect revenue from the land they were assigned. This system helped to strengthen the Sultanate's military and administrative capabilities. Additionally, Iltutmish is known for his efforts to stabilize the economy and promote trade, which contributed to the prosperity of the region during his rule.
Historical records indicate that Iltutmish died in 1236 CE. This date is well-documented and is widely accepted by historians. The year 1236 CE is significant because it marks the end of Iltutmish's reign and the beginning of a period of succession crisis within the Delhi Sultanate. After his death, there was a struggle for power among his sons and other claimants, which eventually led to the rise of his daughter, Razia Sultana, as the first female ruler of the Delhi Sultanate.
It is important to note that the dates provided in the options are close to the actual year of Iltutmish's death, which can make it challenging to remember the exact year. However, 1236 CE is the correct date according to historical records. The other options, such as 1238 CE and 1245 CE, are incorrect and do not align with the historical timeline of Iltutmish's reign and death.
Understanding the historical context and the significance of Iltutmish's reign is crucial for comprehending the development of the Delhi Sultanate and its impact on the political and social landscape of medieval India. The accurate dating of historical events, such as the death of key figures like Iltutmish, is essential for constructing a coherent narrative of the past and for understanding the chronological sequence of events in Indian history.