Explanations:Child labour is a significant social issue that involves the exploitation of children in various forms of work. The term "child labour" refers to the employment of children in any work that deprives them of their childhood, interferes with their ability to attend regular school, and that is mentally, physically, socially, or morally dangerous and harmful. The International Labour Organization (ILO) defines child labour as work that is mentally, physically, socially, or morally dangerous and harmful to children; and/or interferes with their schooling by depriving them of the opportunity to attend school, obliging them to leave school prematurely, or requiring them to combine school attendance with excessively long and heavy work.
In the context of the question, a 13-year-old child working in a factory is a clear example of child labour. This situation is not only illegal in many countries, including India, but it also violates the rights of the child to education and a safe environment. The Indian government has enacted several laws to protect children from such exploitation, including the Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986, which prohibits the employment of children below the age of 14 in hazardous occupations and processes.
It is important to understand that child labour is not limited to factory work; it can also include domestic work, agricultural work, and other forms of employment that are harmful to the physical and mental development of children. The issue of child labour is complex and involves various social, economic, and cultural factors. Addressing child labour requires a comprehensive approach that includes education, economic support, and legal enforcement.
Therefore, the correct answer to the question is "Child labour" (Option B). This term accurately describes the situation of a 13-year-old child working in a factory, which is a form of exploitation that deprives the child of their right to education and a safe environment.