Explanation: Hyder Ali, born in 1722, was a prominent military leader and the de facto ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore in the 18th century. He is known for his military campaigns and his conflicts with the British East India Company. Hyder Ali's military career was marked by several significant battles, but his death occurred during the Battle of Porto Novo in 1782.
The Battle of Porto Novo was part of the Second Anglo-Mysore War, which was fought between the Kingdom of Mysore and the British East India Company. The war was a continuation of the power struggle between the two entities over control of the Carnatic region in southern India. The battle took place near the town of Porto Novo (now known as Parangipettai) in Tamil Nadu.
Hyder Ali's death during this battle was a significant event in the history of the region. He had been suffering from a chronic illness, which is believed to have contributed to his death during the battle. His son, Tipu Sultan, succeeded him as the ruler of Mysore and continued the war against the British.
It is important to note that Hyder Ali was not involved in the Battle of Plassey, which was fought in 1757 and was a significant battle in the history of British colonialism in India. The Battle of Plassey was fought between the British East India Company and the Nawab of Bengal, Siraj-ud-Daulah, and was not related to Hyder Ali's military campaigns.
Similarly, there is no notable battle by the name of the Battle of Madhurai associated with Hyder Ali. While he did campaign in the region and captured Madurai during his campaigns in the Carnatic region, there is no significant battle by this name. The confusion might arise from the fact that Hyder Ali did capture Madurai during his campaigns in the Carnatic region.
Lastly, the Battle of Madrass (Madras) is not a recognized historical battle involving Hyder Ali. Madras (now Chennai) was a significant British settlement, but Hyder Ali's military engagements were more focused on the Carnatic region and the coastal areas of Tamil Nadu. The confusion might stem from the fact that Hyder Ali did besiege Madras in 1780 during the Second Anglo-Mysore War, but this was not a battle where he died.
In summary, Hyder Ali died during the Battle of Porto Novo in 1782, which was part of the Second Anglo-Mysore War. This battle was a significant event in the history of the region and marked the end of Hyder Ali's military career and his rule over the Kingdom of Mysore.