Explanations:The Delhi Sultanate was a period in Indian history when various Muslim dynasties ruled from Delhi. The Mamluk dynasty, also known as the Slave dynasty, was the first of these dynasties to rule from Delhi. Ghiyasuddin Balban was a significant ruler of this dynasty, reigning from 1266 to 1287.
Ghiyasuddin Balban was originally a slave of Iltutmish, the second sultan of the Mamluk dynasty. He rose through the ranks to become a powerful figure in the court. After the death of Nasiruddin Mahmud, the fourth sultan of the Mamluk dynasty, Balban was chosen as the next ruler. He was known for his strong administrative skills and his efforts to centralize the power of the sultanate.
During his reign, Balban focused on strengthening the military and administrative structures of the Delhi Sultanate. He established a powerful and efficient bureaucracy and maintained a strong army. He also took measures to suppress rebellions and expand the territory of the sultanate. His reign marked a period of stability and consolidation of power in the Delhi Sultanate.
It is important to note that the Delhi Sultanate was centered in Delhi, and the sultans ruled from this capital. Therefore, Ghiyasuddin Balban, as a sultan of the Mamluk dynasty, was the sultan of Delhi. The other options, such as Awadh and Hyderabad, were not the seats of his rule and were not significant political centers during his reign.
Understanding the historical context of the Delhi Sultanate and the specific rulers of this period is crucial for comprehending the political and administrative developments of medieval India. Ghiyasuddin Balban's reign is a significant part of this history, and recognizing his role as the sultan of Delhi is essential for grasping the broader historical narrative.