Explanation: Delhi, the capital of India, has a rich architectural history that spans several centuries. However, the modern city of New Delhi, which was designed to serve as the new capital of British India, was primarily the work of two British architects: Sir Edwin Lutyens and Sir Herbert Baker. Their contributions to the city's design are significant and reflect the grandeur and imperial aspirations of the British Raj.
Sir Edwin Lutyens was a prominent British architect known for his work in the Arts and Crafts movement. He was commissioned to design the central administrative area of New Delhi, which included the Viceroy's House (now the Rashtrapati Bhavan), the Secretariat buildings, and the All-India War Memorial (India Gate). Lutyens' design for the Viceroy's House was a blend of classical and Indian architectural styles, incorporating elements such as domes, arches, and colonnades. The layout of the city was planned on a grid system, with wide avenues and roundabouts, which was a departure from the traditional layout of Indian cities.
Sir Herbert Baker, another renowned British architect, was responsible for designing several important buildings in New Delhi, including the Secretariat buildings, which house the administrative offices of the government. Baker's designs were also influenced by both classical and Indian architectural styles, and he incorporated elements such as domes, arches, and intricate carvings into his buildings.
The collaboration between Lutyens and Baker resulted in a city that was both modern and reflective of the cultural heritage of India. The design of New Delhi was intended to symbolize the power and grandeur of the British Empire, and the city's architecture continues to be a significant part of India's colonial history.
It is important to note that while Lutyens and Baker were the primary architects responsible for the design of New Delhi, they worked in collaboration with Indian architects and artisans who contributed to the construction and decoration of the buildings. The city's architecture is a testament to the fusion of British and Indian architectural styles, and it continues to be a source of pride and inspiration for the people of India.
In summary, the correct answer is that New Delhi was designed by Sir Edwin Lutyens and Sir Herbert Baker. Their work in the early 20th century laid the foundation for the modern city of New Delhi, which continues to be a symbol of India's rich architectural heritage and its colonial past.