Explanation: Iltutmish, also known as Shams-ud-din Iltutmish, was a prominent ruler of the Delhi Sultanate who reigned from 1211 to 1236 CE. His reign is marked by several significant events and decisions that shaped the political landscape of the Delhi Sultanate.
One of the most notable aspects of Iltutmish's reign was his violation of the traditional rule of primogeniture. Primogeniture is a principle of inheritance where the eldest son inherits the throne or estate. However, Iltutmish did not follow this practice. Instead, he chose his daughter, Razia Sultana, as his successor. This decision was revolutionary for its time, as it was highly unusual for a woman to be appointed as a ruler in the predominantly patriarchal society of the Delhi Sultanate.
The appointment of Razia Sultana as Sultan was a significant departure from the usual practices of the era. It demonstrated Iltutmish's willingness to break with tradition and his belief in the capabilities of his daughter. Razia Sultana, who ruled from 1236 to 1240 CE, became the first and only female ruler of the Delhi Sultanate. Her reign, though short-lived, was marked by her efforts to reform the administration and her attempts to establish a more equitable society.
The violation of primogeniture and the appointment of Razia Sultana as Sultan were both significant actions that reflected Iltutmish's progressive thinking and his desire to ensure the stability and prosperity of the Delhi Sultanate. These actions also highlight the complex and often unconventional nature of succession in medieval Indian history.
In conclusion, both statements about Iltutmish are correct. He violated the rule of primogeniture to ascend the throne and appointed his daughter, Razia Sultana, as Sultan. These actions were revolutionary and marked a significant departure from the usual practices of the time, making them important aspects of his reign and the history of the Delhi Sultanate.