Explanation: To understand the context of the Battle of Buxar and its implications, it is essential to delve into the history of British colonial rule in India. The Battle of Buxar, fought in 1764, was a significant military engagement between the British East India Company and the combined forces of the Nawab of Bengal, the Nawab of Awadh, and the Mughal Emperor. The British victory in this battle led to the establishment of their control over Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa, which were crucial regions for their economic and political interests in India.
However, the Battle of Buxar did not directly impact the control over Bombay (Mumbai). The British had already established their presence in Bombay through the Treaty of Bassein in 1733, which was a separate event from the Battle of Buxar. Therefore, the first statement that the victory of the British in the Battle of Buxar firmly established them as masters of Bombay is incorrect.
Moving on to the second statement, it is true that the Governor, the Chief Minister, and other ministers live and work in Mumbai. Mumbai is the capital city of Maharashtra and serves as the administrative center for the state government. The Governor, who is the constitutional head of the state, and the Chief Minister, who is the head of the government, along with other ministers, are based in Mumbai, making this statement correct.
The third statement about Mumbai having many industries and important institutions is also correct. Mumbai is a major industrial and commercial hub in India, known for its diverse industries such as textiles, engineering, and information technology. Additionally, it is home to several important institutions, including educational institutions, research centers, and financial institutions, which contribute to its significance.
In conclusion, the correct answer is (D) Only 2, 3, as the Battle of Buxar did not establish British control over Bombay, but the statements about the administrative roles and the industrial and institutional prominence of Mumbai are accurate. Understanding the historical context and the specific roles and significance of Mumbai in the state of Maharashtra is crucial for comprehending the correct answer.