Explanation: To understand the context of the statements provided, it is essential to delve into the historical and sociolinguistic aspects of West Bengal, particularly focusing on the period of British colonial rule and the current linguistic demographics of Kolkata.
1. **British East India Company's Policies in Bengal:**
The British East India Company, after gaining control over Bengal, implemented several policies that significantly altered the region's agricultural landscape. One of these policies was the introduction of cash crops, such as indigo and opium, which were in high demand in European markets. The Company forced peasants to cultivate these crops instead of traditional food crops, leading to economic hardship and famine. This policy was part of the broader strategy to maximize profits and control the local economy.
2. **Robert Clive's Appointment:**
Robert Clive, a key figure in the British East India Company, was appointed Governor of Bengal in 1764. This appointment came after the Battle of Buxar in 1764, where the Company defeated the combined forces of the Nawab of Bengal, the Nawab of Awadh, and the Mughal Emperor. Clive's appointment marked the beginning of direct British rule in Bengal, which had significant implications for the region's governance and economy.
3. **Linguistic Demographics of Kolkata:**
Kolkata, the capital city of West Bengal, has a diverse linguistic landscape. However, the majority of the population in Kolkata speaks Bangla (also known as Bengali). This reflects the cultural and linguistic heritage of the region, which has been influenced by centuries of Bengali literature, art, and social movements. Despite the presence of other languages, Bangla remains the dominant language in terms of daily communication, education, and administration.
In conclusion, all three statements are true and reflect significant aspects of West Bengal's history and current sociolinguistic context. The British East India Company's policies, Robert Clive's appointment, and the linguistic demographics of Kolkata are all integral to understanding the region's past and present.