Explanations:The question involves verifying the historical accuracy of statements related to Gujarat's history. The first statement mentions that Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni, who ruled the Ghaznavid Empire in Afghanistan, raided the Somnath temple in Gujarat. This is a well-documented historical event. Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni conducted several raids on the Somnath temple, which is located in the present-day state of Gujarat, India. These raids were part of his larger military campaigns in the Indian subcontinent, aimed at expanding his empire and acquiring wealth.
The second statement asserts that Surat, along with Cambay (also known as Khambhat), was an important trade emporium during the Mughal period. This is also historically accurate. Surat was a significant port city and a center of trade during the Mughal era, particularly in the 16th and 17th centuries. It was a hub for maritime trade, connecting the Indian subcontinent with the Middle East, Africa, and Europe. The city's strategic location on the Arabian Sea made it a crucial point for the exchange of goods, including textiles, spices, and precious metals.
The third statement claims that Sale, Kaikollar, and Devangs belonged to Gujarat. This statement is not accurate. Sale, Kaikollar, and Devangs are not ethnic groups or communities traditionally associated with Gujarat. These terms may refer to other regions or contexts, but they are not specific to Gujarat's historical or cultural heritage.
Therefore, the correct answer is Option A, which states that only the first two statements are true. The first statement about Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni raiding the Somnath temple and the second statement about Surat being a significant trade center during the Mughal period are both historically accurate. The third statement, however, is not accurate and should be disregarded.