Explanation: The Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) is a designated area along the coast of India that is regulated to protect the environment and manage development. The CRZ notification, issued by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, specifies the rules and regulations for this area. The CRZ area includes water up to 12 nautical miles in the sea and the entire water area of tidal water bodies such as creeks, rivers, and estuaries. This regulation aims to prevent ecological degradation and ensure sustainable development along the coast.
However, certain regions are excluded from the CRZ notification. The Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Lakshadweep are two such regions. These islands have unique ecological and geographical characteristics that necessitate different regulatory approaches. The exclusion of these regions from the CRZ notification is based on the understanding that the specific environmental and developmental needs of these islands may not be adequately addressed by the general CRZ regulations.
The first statement is true because it correctly defines the CRZ area as including water up to 12 nautical miles in the sea and the entire water area of tidal water bodies. This definition is consistent with the CRZ notification and reflects the intent to protect coastal ecosystems and manage development in these areas.
The second statement is also true because it accurately notes that the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Lakshadweep are excluded from the CRZ notification. This exclusion is a specific provision made to accommodate the unique environmental and developmental needs of these regions.
Therefore, both statements are correct, and the correct answer is (C) Both 1 & 2 are true. Understanding the CRZ regulations and their exceptions is crucial for comprehending the environmental management and development policies in coastal areas of India, particularly in regions with unique ecological characteristics like the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Lakshadweep.