Explanations:The question revolves around understanding the rainfall patterns in specific regions of India, particularly focusing on the Garo Hills in Meghalaya and the northwest Himalayas and western deserts. The first statement mentions that Cherrapunji and Mawsynram, located in the Garo Hills of Meghalaya, receive rainfall over 1,080 cm in a year. This is a well-known fact, as these areas are often referred to as the wettest places on Earth. The high rainfall in these regions is due to their geographical location and the monsoon winds that bring moisture from the Bay of Bengal.
The second statement refers to the annual precipitation in the northwest Himalayas and the western deserts, which is less than 10 cm. This is also accurate, as these regions are characterized by arid and semi-arid climates. The northwest Himalayas, including parts of Jammu and Kashmir, and the western deserts, such as the Thar Desert in Rajasthan, receive very little rainfall due to their distance from the sea and the influence of the rain-shadow effect created by the Himalayas.
Understanding these climatic conditions is crucial for comprehending the geographical diversity of India. The Garo Hills, with their high rainfall, support lush vegetation and a variety of ecosystems, while the northwest Himalayas and western deserts are characterized by sparse vegetation and arid landscapes. This contrast in rainfall patterns highlights the significant variations in climate across different regions of the country.
It is important to note that while Cherrapunji and Mawsynram are known for their extremely high rainfall, not all parts of Meghalaya receive such high amounts of precipitation. Similarly, the low rainfall in the northwest Himalayas and western deserts is a general characteristic of these regions, but there can be variations within these areas.
Therefore, both statements are correct, and the correct answer is that both 1 and 2 are correct. This understanding of rainfall patterns is essential for students preparing for competitive examinations, as it forms a part of the broader knowledge of Indian geography and climatology.