Explanation: The Indian National Congress (INC) is one of the oldest and most significant political parties in India. It was founded in 1885, marking the beginning of a formal political movement in the country. The founding of the INC was a response to the growing need for a unified voice against British colonial rule and to address the various social and economic issues faced by the Indian people.
The first session of the INC was held in Bombay (now Mumbai) from December 28 to December 31, 1885. The meeting was organized by A.O. Hume, a retired British civil servant, and W.C. Bonnerjee, a prominent Indian lawyer. The primary objective of the INC was to promote the welfare of the Indian people and to work towards the establishment of a democratic government in India.
The number of delegates who attended the first session of the INC was 72. These delegates came from various parts of India, representing different regions, religions, and social backgrounds. This diversity was a significant aspect of the INC's founding, as it aimed to be a platform for all Indians to come together and work towards a common goal.
The INC played a crucial role in India's struggle for independence. Over the years, it evolved from a moderate organization to a more radical one, with leaders like Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, and Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel playing pivotal roles in the movement. The party's efforts culminated in India's independence from British rule in 1947.
Understanding the founding of the INC is essential for comprehending the broader context of Indian political history. It marks the beginning of a formal political movement that would eventually lead to the end of colonial rule and the establishment of a democratic India. The INC's founding in 1885 with 72 delegates is a significant milestone that students of Indian history and politics should be familiar with.