Explanation: Megalaya is a state located in the northeastern part of India, bordered by Assam to the north and west, and Bangladesh to the south. It is known for its lush green landscapes, waterfalls, and rich biodiversity. The state is home to several indigenous tribes, including the Khasi, Garo, and Jaintia, each with their own distinct culture and traditions.
The capital of Meghalaya is Shillong, a city located in the eastern part of the state. Shillong is often referred to as the "Scotland of the East" due to its hilly terrain and climate, which is reminiscent of the Scottish Highlands. The city is a major administrative and commercial center in the region and is known for its scenic beauty, including landmarks such as the Ward's Lake and the Lady Hydari Park.
Shillong is not only the capital but also the largest city in Meghalaya. It serves as the seat of the Meghalaya Legislative Assembly and the Meghalaya High Court. The city is well-connected by road and air, with the Shillong Airport providing domestic flights to major cities in India.
It is important to distinguish Shillong from the capitals of other northeastern states. Kohima is the capital of Nagaland, Itanagar is the capital of Arunachal Pradesh, and Aizawl is the capital of Mizoram. Each of these capitals is significant in its own right, but they are not related to Meghalaya's capital.
Understanding the geography and administrative structure of northeastern India is crucial for students preparing for competitive examinations such as the UPSC, SSC, and state PSCs. The correct identification of state capitals is a fundamental aspect of geography and can often be a key component in such exams. Therefore, it is essential to remember that Shillong is the capital of Meghalaya and to be familiar with the capitals of other northeastern states to avoid confusion.