Explanations:Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, the principal architect of the Indian Constitution, highlighted several unique features of the Constitution that set it apart from others. Among these, the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) are considered a novel feature. The DPSP are a set of guidelines for the state to ensure social and economic justice, and they reflect the aspirations of the Indian people. These principles are enshrined in Part IV of the Constitution and are non-justiciable, meaning they are not enforceable by the courts. However, they serve as a moral and ethical framework for the state to follow in its governance.
The Directive Principles of State Policy were inspired by the Irish Constitution and were included in the Indian Constitution to ensure that the state works towards the welfare of the people. They cover a wide range of areas, including the promotion of equal justice, the provision of adequate means of livelihood, the promotion of cottage industries, and the protection of the environment. The DPSP are designed to guide the state in formulating policies and laws that promote social and economic justice, and they are an essential part of the Indian Constitution.
While other features of the Indian Constitution, such as Fundamental Rights, Emergency Provisions, and Panchayat Raj Institutions, are also important, they are not considered the novel feature highlighted by Dr. Ambedkar. Fundamental Rights are justiciable and provide legal protection to individuals, but they are not unique to the Indian Constitution. Emergency Provisions allow the state to take extraordinary measures during national crises, but they are not unique to the Indian Constitution. Panchayat Raj Institutions were introduced later to decentralize governance, but they are not a unique feature of the Indian Constitution.
Therefore, the Directive Principles of State Policy are the novel feature of the Indian Constitution that Dr. Ambedkar emphasized. They provide a framework for the state to ensure social and economic justice and reflect the aspirations of the Indian people.