Explanations:Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan was a prominent Indian philosopher, statesman, and academic who made significant contributions to the fields of philosophy and education. He was born on September 5, 1888, in Tirutani, Madras Presidency (now in Andhra Pradesh). His career in public service and politics culminated in his election as the second President of India, a position he held from 1962 to 1967.
Before his presidency, Dr. Radhakrishnan held several important roles. He was a professor of philosophy at various institutions, including the University of Madras and the University of Calcutta. He also served as the Vice Chancellor of Andhra University and the University of Mysore. His academic achievements and contributions to philosophy were recognized internationally, and he was invited to deliver the prestigious Gifford Lectures at the University of Edinburgh in 1929.
Dr. Radhakrishnan's political career began in earnest when he was appointed as the Indian Ambassador to the Soviet Union in 1949. This role was significant as it marked his entry into the diplomatic sphere. However, his most notable political position before becoming President was that of Vice President of India. He served as Vice President from 1956 to 1962, during which time he gained valuable experience in the workings of the Indian government and the role of a constitutional head.
The Vice President of India is the second-highest constitutional office in the country, after the President. The Vice President serves as the ex officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha (the upper house of the Indian Parliament) and acts as the President in the absence of the incumbent. This position is crucial in the functioning of the Indian government and provides a stepping stone for individuals who may later become President.
Dr. Radhakrishnan's tenure as Vice President was marked by his dedication to the principles of democracy and his commitment to the welfare of the nation. His experience in this role prepared him well for his subsequent role as President, where he continued to promote education, philosophy, and the cultural heritage of India.
Understanding the political career of Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan is essential for students preparing for competitive examinations such as the UPSC, SSC, and banking exams. These exams often include questions on the political history of India and the roles of significant political figures. Knowing the sequence of his political appointments, particularly his role as Vice President before becoming President, is crucial for answering such questions accurately.