Explanations:
Samudragupta, a significant ruler of the Gupta Empire, expanded his influence through both military conquests and diplomatic means. His reign is marked by the establishment of tributary relationships with several frontier states, which were required to pay tributes to the Gupta Empire in exchange for maintaining their autonomy. This system of tributes was a common practice in ancient India, where powerful empires would exert their influence over smaller states without necessarily annexing them outright.
The Gupta Empire, under Samudragupta, extended its influence over a vast region, including parts of modern-day North Assam, Nepal, and Samtata. These regions were strategically important and were recognized as frontier states due to their geographical and political significance. Devaka, located in modern North Assam, was one such frontier state that paid tributes to Samudragupta. Nepal, another frontier state, also maintained a tributary relationship with the Gupta Empire. Samtata, which is believed to be located in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent, was another frontier state that paid tributes to Samudragupta.
The tributary system was a way for the Gupta Empire to exert control over these frontier states without the need for direct military occupation. By paying tributes, these states acknowledged the supremacy of the Gupta Empire and maintained a degree of autonomy. This system allowed the Gupta Empire to expand its influence without the need for extensive military campaigns, which would have been resource-intensive and potentially destabilizing.
It is important to understand the historical context of the Gupta Empire and the nature of tributary relationships in ancient India. The tributary system was a complex political and economic arrangement that allowed for the maintenance of a balance of power between the Gupta Empire and the frontier states. This system was not unique to the Gupta Empire but was a common practice in many ancient empires across the world.
In summary, the frontier states of Devaka (modern North Assam), Nepal, and Samtata all paid tributes to Samudragupta, making option D the correct answer. This tributary system was a key aspect of the Gupta Empire's expansion and control over frontier regions, allowing for a balance of power and maintaining the autonomy of these states under Gupta influence.