Concept notes: Ecotourism is a form of tourism that involves visiting fragile, pristine, and relatively undisturbed natural areas, intended as a low-impact and often small-scale alternative to conventional mass tourism. Thenmala, located in Kollam district, is recognized as the first planned ecotourism destination in India, established to promote sustainable tourism practices.
Explanation: Ecotourism is a form of tourism that focuses on visiting natural areas in a way that minimizes environmental impact and supports conservation efforts. It aims to provide visitors with an educational experience while also contributing to the local economy and promoting sustainable practices. In Kerala, ecotourism has gained significant importance due to the state's rich biodiversity and commitment to sustainable development.
Thenmala, located in the Kollam district of Kerala, is recognized as the first planned ecotourism destination in India. It was established in 1999 with the objective of promoting sustainable tourism practices and preserving the natural environment. The name "Thenmala" translates to "honey forest" in Malayalam, reflecting the area's lush greenery and biodiversity.
The Thenmala Ecotourism Centre is situated in the Western Ghats, a UNESCO World Heritage site known for its unique flora and fauna. The center offers a variety of activities such as trekking, bird watching, and nature walks, all designed to educate visitors about the importance of conservation and sustainable living. The site includes a bio-diversity park, a butterfly park, and a wildlife sanctuary, providing visitors with a comprehensive experience of the local ecosystem.
The establishment of Thenmala as an ecotourism destination has had several positive impacts. It has helped to create awareness about environmental conservation and sustainable tourism practices. Additionally, it has provided economic benefits to the local community through employment opportunities and the promotion of local products and services.
It is important to note that while other locations like Kumarakom, Bhoothathankettu, and Nelliampathy are also popular tourist destinations in Kerala, they are not located in Kollam district. Kumarakom is in Kottayam district, Bhoothathankettu is in Thrissur district, and Nelliampathy is in Palakkad district. Therefore, these options are incorrect in the context of the question.
In conclusion, Thenmala is the correct answer as it is the only ecotourism center located in Kollam district and is recognized as the first planned ecotourism destination in India. Understanding the specific locations and characteristics of these sites is crucial for correctly identifying the ecotourism center in Kollam district.