Explanation: Amritsar is a city in the state of Punjab, India, renowned for its rich history, cultural significance, and religious importance. The city is home to several landmarks that attract millions of visitors each year, making it a key destination for both domestic and international tourists.
One of the most prominent landmarks in Amritsar is the Golden Temple, also known as Harmandir Sahib. This gurdwara is the holiest site in Sikhism and is located in the heart of the city. The Golden Temple is not only a place of worship but also a symbol of Sikh identity and culture. It is surrounded by a sacred pool of water, known as the Amrit Sarovar, and is covered in gold leaf, giving it its distinctive appearance. The temple complex includes a langar, a community kitchen that serves free meals to all visitors, regardless of religion or background, promoting the Sikh values of equality and service.
Another significant site in Amritsar is Jallianwala Bagh, a public garden that holds historical importance due to the tragic events of the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre. On April 13, 1919, British troops under the command of Brigadier-General Reginald Dyer fired on a peaceful gathering of unarmed civilians, resulting in hundreds of deaths and thousands of injuries. This event became a turning point in the Indian independence movement and is remembered as a symbol of the struggle against colonial rule. Today, Jallianwala Bagh is a national memorial and a site of remembrance, with a museum and several memorials dedicated to the victims of the massacre.
The Rock Garden, while a significant landmark, is not located in Amritsar. It is situated in Chandigarh, a separate city and union territory. The Rock Garden is a unique sculpture garden created by Nek Chand, featuring sculptures made from industrial and domestic waste. While it is a notable attraction, it is not associated with Amritsar.
In conclusion, the correct answer is (D) Both B and C, as the Golden Temple and Jallianwala Bagh are both significant landmarks located in Amritsar, each with its own historical and religious importance. Understanding the significance of these sites is crucial for anyone studying the geography and history of Punjab, as well as the broader context of Indian culture and history.