Explanation: Ala ud din Khilji, whose real name was Ali Gurshap, was a significant ruler of the Delhi Sultanate during the medieval period in India. He belonged to the Khilji dynasty and ruled from 1296 to 1316. His reign was marked by extensive military campaigns and the expansion of the Delhi Sultanate's territory. Ala ud din Khilji is also known for his administrative reforms, including the introduction of a new land revenue system and the establishment of a centralized administration.
Understanding the real names of historical figures is crucial for grasping the historical context and the personal identities of these rulers. In the case of Ala ud din Khilji, his real name, Ali Gurshap, provides insight into his origins and the transformation he underwent upon ascending to the throne. This transformation is a common theme in the history of the Delhi Sultanate, where rulers often adopted new titles and names upon assuming power.
The confusion among the options might arise from the fact that all the mentioned rulers were part of the Delhi Sultanate, but they belonged to different dynasties and had different real names. For instance, Ibrahim Lodi was the last ruler of the Lodi dynasty, Firoz Shah Tughluq was a ruler of the Tughlaq dynasty, and Ghayas ud din Balban was a ruler of the Mamluk dynasty. Each of these rulers had distinct contributions to the history of the Delhi Sultanate, but their real names were different from Ali Gurshap.
In summary, the correct answer is that Ali Gurshap was the real name of Ala ud din Khilji, a significant ruler of the Khilji dynasty in the Delhi Sultanate. This knowledge is essential for understanding the historical context and the personal identities of medieval Indian rulers.