Explanation: The Indus Basin is one of the most significant river basins in South Asia, covering parts of India, Pakistan, and Afghanistan. The Indus River originates in the Tibetan Plateau and flows through the Himalayas, eventually draining into the Arabian Sea. The basin is crucial for agriculture, water resources, and ecological balance in the region.
In India, the Indus Basin covers parts of the states of Punjab and Haryana. Punjab, located in the northwestern part of India, is a major agricultural state and is heavily dependent on the Indus River system for irrigation. The river system includes the Beas, Ravi, and Sutlej rivers, which are tributaries of the Indus. These rivers provide essential water resources for the fertile plains of Punjab, supporting a large agricultural economy.
Haryana, another state in northern India, also falls within the Indus Basin. The state shares the Beas and Sutlej rivers with Punjab, and these rivers are vital for the agricultural and industrial activities in Haryana. The Indus Basin in Haryana is also significant for its contribution to the water supply and irrigation systems.
It is important to note that while Kashmir is part of the Indus Basin, it is not a significant part of the basin within India. The major portion of the Indus Basin in India lies in Punjab and Haryana. Other states like Uttar Pradesh (UP) and Bihar are not part of the Indus Basin; they are primarily part of the Ganges Basin, which is a different river system.
Understanding the geographical distribution of the Indus Basin is crucial for managing water resources, planning agricultural activities, and ensuring ecological balance in the region. The correct answer, therefore, is (B) Punjab & Haryana, as these states are the primary areas within India that are part of the Indus Basin.